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Local Government (Volume 69 (2024), paras 1–496; Volume 69A (2024), paras 497–914)

If it's not in Halsbury's then it's not the law.

Covering every proposition of the law of England and Wales, however niche, Halsbury's Laws provides all your legal answers in a single source.

TAKE A FREE TRIAL

Local Government (Volume 69 (2024), paras 1–496; Volume 69A (2024), paras 497–914)

If it's not in Halsbury's then it's not the law.

Covering every proposition of the law of England and Wales, however niche, Halsbury's Laws provides all your legal answers in a single source.

TAKE A FREE TRIAL

Local Government (Volume 69 (2024), paras 1–496; Volume 69A (2024), paras 497–914)

Consultant Editor

1. Local Government: Introductory Matters

1. Nature of local government.

2. Local government from its origins to 1834.

3. Development of local government between 1834 and 1929.

4. The Local Government Act 1933.

5. Reorganisation of the structure of local government.

6. Local Government Act 1972: consequential and supplementary orders.

7. Local Government Act 1972: transitional provisions.

8. Principles of transfer of property and liabilities in England.

9. Principles of transfer of property and liabilities in Wales.

10. Joint boards and joint committees.

11. Transfer of powers of certain public bodies.

12. General adaptation of enactments and instruments.

13. Power to adapt Acts and instruments.

14. Continuance and adaptation of local statutory provisions.

15. Continuance of orders etc made under repealed Acts.

16. Adaptation of agreements, notices, permissions etc.

17. Changes under the Local Government Act 1985.

18. Changes under the Local Government (Wales) Act 1994.

19. Legislative competence of Senedd Cymru with regard to local government.

20. Overview of the Local Government Act 2000.

21. Overview of the Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007 and the Localism Act 2011.

22. Legislation concerning local government in London since 1999.

23. Overview of the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009 and the Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016.

24. Overview of Part 2 of the Levelling-up and Regeneration Act 2023.

25. Overview of the Public Services Ombudsman (Wales) Act 2019.

26. Overview of the Local Government (Wales) Measures 2009 and 2011.

28. Departments concerned with local government.

29. The Secretary of State.

30. The Welsh Ministers.

31. Subordinate legislation made by ministers.

32. Provisional orders.

33. Orders subject to special parliamentary procedure.

34. Other ministerial powers over local government.

35. Circulars of government departments.

2. Local Government Areas and Authorities

36. Local government areas and authorities.

37. Meaning of 'local authority'.

38. Counties and districts in England and their councils.

39. Borough status in England.

40. Change of name of English county, district or London borough.

41. Parishes following the reorganisation of local government.

42. Parish organisation.

43. Grouping of parishes.

44. Alternative styles for grouped or de-grouped parishes.

45. Alternative styles where parish is not grouped with any other parish.

46. Order for the dissolution of parish council in small parish.

47. Constitution and powers of parish councils.

48. Parish meetings.

49. Special provision with regard to Greater London.

50. Local government in the Isles of Scilly.

51. Counties and county boroughs in Wales.

52. County borough status in Wales.

53. Change of name of principal council in Wales.

54. Consultation with community councils.

55. Collaborative working by principal councils

56. Establishing corporate joint committees where a request has been made

57. Establishing corporate joint committees where no request has been made

58. Voluntary mergers of principal areas

59. Restructuring of principal areas

60. Functions relating to mergers and restructuring

61. Remuneration arrangements for new principal councils

62. Communities following the reorganisation of local government in Wales.

63. Orders for the creation or dissolution of community councils.

64. Grouping a community with other communities under a common community council.

65. Adding a community to a group of communities with a common council.

66. Application by council for a group of communities to dissolve the group.

67. Separating a community from a group of communities.

68. Constitution and functions of community councils.

69. Community meetings.

70. Establishment of joint authorities.

71. Fire and rescue authorities.

72. Integrated transport authorities.

73. Operation of airports in respect of which metropolitan county councils formerly had property rights, or liabilities.

74. Questions on discharge of functions of a joint authority.

75. Reorganisation of functions otherwise exercisable by joint authority.

76. Joint waste authorities in Wales.

77. Establishment, constitution and functions of economic prosperity boards.

78. Funding and accounts of economic prosperity boards.

79. Changes to and dissolution of an economic prosperity board's area.

80. Establishment of economic prosperity board following review by local authorities.

81. Reviews and applications by local authorities in relation to existing economic prosperity boards.

82. Establishment, constitution and functions of combined authorities.

83. Non-constituent and associate members of combined authorities.

84. Regulations about members of combined authorities.

85. Power to confer other public authority functions on combined authorities.

86. Overview and scrutiny committees for combined authorities.

87. Audit committees for combined authorities.

88. Changes to boundaries and dissolution of area of combined authority.

89. Establishment of new combined authority following review by local authorities etc.

90. Reviews and applications by local authorities etc in relation to existing combined authorities.

91. Combined county authorities and their areas.

92. Constitutional arrangements.

93. Non-constituent and associated members of a combined county authority.

94. Regulations about members of a combined county authority.

95. Review of combined county authorities' constitutional arrangements.

96. Overview and scrutiny committees of combined county authorities.

97. Change of name of combined county authority.

98. Local authority functions.

99. Other public authority functions.

100. Integrated transport authorities and passenger transport executives.

101. Directions relating to highways and traffic functions.

102. Designation of key route network roads.

103. Changes to boundaries of combined county authority area.

104. Dissolution of combined county authority area.

105. Power to provide for election of mayor for combined county authority area.

106. Alternative mayoral titles.

107. Further changes to mayoral titles.

108. Deputy mayors etc.

109. Functions of mayors: general.

110. Procedure for direct conferral of general functions on mayor.

111. Joint exercise of general functions.

112. Functions of mayors: policing.

113. Police and crime commissioner functions.

114. Exercise of fire and rescue functions.

115. Application of local policing provisions.

116. Application of fire and rescue provisions.

117. Complaints and conduct matters.

118. Proposal for new combined county authority.

119. Requirements in connection with establishment of combined county authority.

120. Proposal for changes to existing arrangements relating to combined county authority.

121. Requirements for changes to existing arrangements relating to combined county authority.

122. Establishment of, and participation in, public services boards.

123. Merger of, and collaboration between, public services boards in Wales.

124. Performance indicators, standards and guidance for public services boards in Wales.

125. The Local Government Boundary Commission for England.

126. Secretary of State's power to make regulations about structural and boundary arrangements or electoral arrangements.

127. Invitations and directions for proposals for single tier of local government in England.

128. The advice of the Local Government Boundary Commission with regard to proposals for single tier of local government.

129. Powers and procedure of the Local Government Boundary Commission with regard to proposals for single tier of local government.

130. Implementation of proposals for single tier of local government.

131. Review by Local Government Boundary Commission of local government areas in England.

132. Consultation by the Local Government Boundary Commission.

133. Implementation of boundary change recommendations by order.

134. Provision that may be made by implementing orders.

135. Agreements about incidental matters.

136. Establishment of residuary bodies after orders implementing proposals for a single tier of government or recommendations for a boundary change.

137. Establishment of staff commissions.

138. Undertaking community governance reviews.

139. Reorganisation of community governance.

140. Recommendation for the constitution of a new parish.

141. Existing parish under review.

142. Grouping or de-grouping parishes.

143. Parish reorganisation: consequential recommendations with regard to affected principal councils.

144. Principal council's duties when undertaking a community governance review.

145. Publicising outcome of community governance review.

146. Reorganisation of community governance: agreements about incidental matters.

147. Accretions from the sea.

148. Alteration of boundaries on alteration of watercourses.

149. Restriction on promotion of Bills relating to local government changes.

150. The Democracy and Boundary Commission Cymru.

151. Duty of the Democracy and Boundary Commission Cymru to monitor arrangements for local government.

152. Duties of principal councils in Wales in relation to areas.

153. Review of principal area boundaries in Wales.

154. Review of community boundaries in Wales.

155. Review of preserved counties in Wales.

156. Extent of, and review of, seaward boundaries in Wales.

157. Pre-review procedure.

158. Consultation and investigation by reviewing body.

159. Reporting on local government review.

160. Local inquiries with respect to local government reviews in Wales.

161. Implementation of recommendations and changes by the Welsh Ministers.

162. Non-ministerial implementation of community boundary change or community electoral arrangements change in Wales.

163. Implementation orders.

164. Transitional agreements as to property and finance.

165. Boundary change following alteration of watercourse.

166. Restriction on promotion of Bills relating to local government areas in Wales.

167. Civic status and styles.

168. Preservation of privileges and rights of citizens and burgesses.

169. Armorial bearings.

170. Charter trustees.

171. Confederation of the Cinque Ports.

172. Appointments of officers of dignity.

173. Freemen and inhabitants of former boroughs.

174. Honorary titles.

175. Judicial matters, the lieutenancy and sheriffs: in general.

176. Lieutenancies.

177. Decline of sheriff's original jurisdiction and current functions of sheriffs.

178. Appointment and tenure of office of high sheriffs of counties.

179. Appointment and tenure of office of under-sheriff.

180. Prohibition of sale or letting of office of under-sheriff.

181. Duties and powers of under-sheriffs.

3. Members of Local Authorities

182. Qualification for election and holding office as member of local authority in England and Wales.

183. Members of joint authorities established by Part IV of the Local Government Act 1985.

184. Disqualification for election and holding office as member of local authority in England.

185. Disqualification for election or being a member of a local authority in Wales.

186. Disqualification of members of joint authorities.

187. Disqualification and political restriction.

188. Politically restricted posts.

189. Exemption from political restriction in England.

190. Exemption from political restriction in Wales.

191. Validity of acts of unqualified persons.

192. Electoral areas in England.

193. Local government electors in England.

194. Election of county councillors in England.

195. Election of metropolitan district councillors.

196. Election of non-metropolitan district councillors.

197. Election of parish councillors.

198. Local government electoral divisions in Wales.

199. Local government electors in Wales.

200. Election of councillors of principal council in Wales.

201. Election of community councillors in Wales.

202. Election of councillors of a principal council in England.

203. Power to change years in which elections to local authorities in England or Wales are held.

204. Schemes for elections to district councils in England: in general.

205. Whole-council elections.

206. Power of non-metropolitan district councils to revert to partial-council elections.

207. Action by the Local Government Boundary Commission following resolution to revert to partial-council elections.

208. Power of district council to alter years of ordinary elections of parish councillors.

209. Duty to conduct survey of councillors and unsuccessful candidates for election as councillors in Wales.

210. Casual vacancies of councillors in England or Wales.

211. Term of office of persons filling casual vacancies.

212. Declaration of acceptance of office.

213. Chair and vice-chair of principal council in England.

214. Chair and vice-chair of parish council or meeting.

215. Casual vacancies of chair.

216. Chair and vice-chair of principal council in Wales.

217. Presiding member and deputy presiding member of principal council in Wales.

218. Chair and vice-chair of community council.

219. Casual vacancies of chair.

220. Chair, vice-chair and clerk of joint authorities under the Local Government Act 1985.

221. Co-option of parish councillors in England and community councillors in Wales.

222. Local authority's miscellaneous powers to appoint co-optees to committees.

223. Disqualification from membership of committees.

224. Temporary appointments of parish councillors by district council.

225. Parish councillors appointed by the parish council.

226. Temporary appointments of community councillors by Welsh principal council.

227. Appointment of community youth representatives by community council.

228. Allowances under schemes under the Local Government and Housing Act 1989.

229. Allowances under the Local Government Act 2000.

230. Disapplication of most provisions in the Local Government Act 1972 relating to allowances.

231. Requirement for schemes for allowances.

232. Amendment and revocation of schemes for allowances.

233. Basic allowance.

234. Special responsibility allowance.

235. Dependants' carers' allowance.

236. Travelling and subsistence allowance.

237. Co-optees' allowance.

238. Claims and payments.

239. Pensions for members of certain local authorities.

240. Election to forgo allowances.

241. Records of allowances.

242. Publicity regarding scheme for allowances.

243. Establishment and constitution of an independent remuneration panel.

244. Recommendations of independent remuneration panels.

245. Publicity for recommendations of panels.

246. Duty to have regard to recommendations of independent remuneration panels.

247. Parish basic allowance.

248. Parish travelling and subsistence allowance.

249. Election to forgo parish allowances.

250. Parish remuneration panels.

251. Recommendations of parish remuneration panels.

252. Publicity in respect of reports of parish remuneration panels.

253. Records of parish allowances.

254. Powers to make regulations with regard to gratuities for members of certain Welsh local authorities.

255. The Independent Remuneration Panel for Wales: in general.

256. Functions of the Panel with regard to payments to members of relevant authorities.

257. Functions of the Panel with regard to payments of local authority members' pensions.

258. Annual reports of the Panel.

259. Administrative requirements in reports of the Independent Remuneration Panel for Wales.

260. Publicity requirements in reports of the Independent Remuneration Panel for Wales.

261. Publicising reports of the Panel.

262. Compliance with requirements of Independent Remuneration Panel for Wales.

263. Members of relevant authorities wishing to forgo payments.

264. Relevant authorities withholding payments in respect of relevant matters or a relevant pension.

265. Directions by Welsh Ministers to comply with requirements relating to relevant matters.

266. Members' access to information and meetings.

267. Prohibition of discrimination against local authority members.

268. Overview and scrutiny committees.

269. Insurance of members and voluntary assistants against accidents.

270. Right to family absence in Wales: in general.

271. Maternity absence in Wales.

272. Newborn absence in Wales.

273. Adopter's absence in Wales.

274. New adoption absence in Wales.

275. Parental absence in Wales.

276. Record-keeping and information relating to family absence in Wales.

277. Cancellation of family absence by a local authority in Wales.

278. Personal liability of local authority members.

279. Protection of local authority members from personal liability.

280. Power of indemnification.

281. Indemnities to local authority members.

282. Annual reports by members of a Welsh local authority.

283. Training and development of members of a Welsh local authority.

284. Duty to promote and maintain high standards of conduct.

285. Code of conduct for local authority members in England.

286. Register of local authority members' interests.

287. Disclosure of pecuniary interests on taking office.

288. Pecuniary interests in matters considered at meetings or by a single member.

289. Dispensations from restrictions on participation and voting at meetings by interested parties.

290. Offences relating to local authority members' standards of conduct.

291. Welsh Ministers' power to specify the principles governing the conduct of members.

292. Welsh Ministers' power to issue model code of conduct.

293. Model code of conduct issued by Welsh Ministers.

294. Welsh local authority's duty to adopt code of conduct.

295. Duty of Welsh local authority member to comply with code of conduct.

296. Disclosure and registration of Welsh local authority members' interests.

297. Standards committees for relevant authorities in Wales.

298. Functions of standards committees in Wales.

299. Sub-committees of standards committees in Wales.

300. Standards committees or sub-committees for community councils.

301. Functions of Public Services Ombudsman for Wales in relation to members' conduct.

302. Investigations into members' conduct by the Public Services Ombudsman for Wales.

303. Reports on members' conduct by the Public Services Ombudsman for Wales.

304. Interim reports on members' conduct by the Public Services Ombudsman for Wales.

305. Welsh Ministers' power to make provision for matters referred to monitoring officers.

306. Investigations by monitoring officers in Wales.

307. Functions and procedure of, and determinations by, standards committee in Wales and appeals.

308. Adjudication panels in Wales.

309. Case tribunals and interim case tribunals in Wales.

310. Procedural matters relating to adjudications in Wales.

311. Decisions of interim case tribunals in Wales.

312. Decisions of case tribunals in Wales.

313. Recommendations by case tribunals in Wales.

314. Council tax and former community charge arrears.

315. Non-acceptance of office.

316. Failure to attend meetings.

317. Resignation of local authority members.

318. Declaration by local authority of casual vacancy in office.

319. Date and notice of casual vacancies.

320. Proceedings for disqualification of local authority members.

4. Constitutional and Operational Arrangements

321. Secretary of State's power to make regulations about governance arrangements of local authorities.

322. Permitted forms of governance for local authorities in England.

323. Specified forms of local authority executives in England.

324. Meaning of 'elected mayor'; title and term of office.

325. Elections for the return of an elected mayor in England.

326. Voting at elections of elected mayors in England.

327. Power to make provision about elections for the return of elected mayors in England.

328. Alternative mayoral titles.

329. Election as elected mayor and councillor in England.

330. Election and term of office of leader.

331. Removal of leader.

332. Local authority executive functions in England.

333. Discharge of local authority executive functions in England; in general.

334. Discharge of functions of and by another local authority in England.

335. Joint exercise of local authority executive functions in England.

336. Overview and scrutiny committees in England: functions and supplementary provisions.

337. Scrutiny officers in England.

338. Reference of matters to overview and scrutiny committee in England etc.

339. Duty of local authority or executive in England to respond to overview and scrutiny committee.

340. Reports and recommendations of overview and scrutiny committees in England: duties of certain partner authorities.

341. Publication etc of reports and recommendations of overview and scrutiny committees in England and responses of local authorities; confidential and exempt information.

342. Overview and scrutiny committees in England: provision of information etc by certain partner authorities.

343. Joint overview and scrutiny committees in England.

344. Secretary of State's power to prohibit delegation of functions etc of committee system local authority.

345. Overview and scrutiny committees for committee system local authorities in England.

346. Changing local authority governance arrangements in England: in general.

347. Change in form of local authority governance in England or change in form of executive.

348. Transfer of functions: changes in governance arrangements not subject to a referendum.

349. Referendum where local authority in England proposes to make certain changes in governance arrangements by resolution.

350. Transfer of functions: changes in governance arrangements subject to a referendum.

351. Local authority referendum in England following petition.

352. Local authority referendum in England following direction.

353. Local authority referendum in England following order.

354. Secretary of State's power to require local authority referendum in England on change to mayor and cabinet executive.

355. Further provision with respect to local authority referendums in England on changes to governance arrangements.

356. Voting in and conduct of local authority referendums in England on changes to governance arrangements.

357. English local authority's constitution.

358. Guidance by the Secretary of State with regard to local authority governance arrangements in England.

359. Power to provide for election of mayor for area of combined authority.

360. Election as mayor for area of combined authority and councillor of constituent council.

361. Deputy mayor etc for area of combined authority.

362. Functions of mayors of areas of combined authorities: in general.

363. Joint exercise of general functions.

364. London government; in general.

365. Local authority executive arrangements in Wales and duty to operate them instead of alternative arrangements.

366. Forms of local authority executive in Wales.

367. Mayor and cabinet executives in Wales: further provisions.

368. Leader and cabinet executives (Wales): further provisions.

369. Additional forms of local government executive in Wales.

370. Provision as to meetings and procedure of local authority executives and committees in Wales.

371. Elected mayors in Wales: meaning, title and term of office.

372. Elections in Wales for the return of elected mayor or elected executive member.

373. Voting at elections in Wales for return of elected mayor or elected executive member.

374. Power to make provision about elections of mayors or elected executive members in Wales.

375. Election as mayor and councillor in Wales.

376. Operation of, and publicity for, executive arrangements in Wales.

377. Proposals for the operation of executive arrangements in Wales.

378. Proposals not requiring local authority referendum in Wales.

379. Proposals requiring local authority referendum in Wales.

380. Fall back proposals in Wales.

381. Functions which are or are not the responsibility of a local authority executive in Wales.

382. Discharge of functions in Wales: mayor and cabinet executive.

383. Discharge of functions: leader and cabinet executive (Wales).

384. Discharge of functions in Wales: executive in prescribed form.

385. Discharge of functions in Wales by area committees.

386. Exercise of local authority executive functions in Wales by single non-executive member.

387. Discharge of functions of and by another local authority in Wales.

388. Joint exercise of functions in Wales.

389. Overview and scrutiny committees in Wales: in general.

390. Sub-committees of overview and scrutiny committees in Wales.

391. Composition of overview and scrutiny committees in Wales.

392. Guidance and directions as to functions and structure of overview and scrutiny committees and co-opted members in Wales.

393. Appointing persons to chair overview and scrutiny committees in Wales: in general.

394. Appointments of committee chairs in Wales to be made by political groups; and failure to make such appointments.

395. Appointment provision where there are changes in composition of executive or occasional vacancies in committee chairs in Wales.

396. Appointment provision determined by the Welsh local authority.

397. Forward plans and other information regarding overview and scrutiny committees in Wales.

398. Restricting party control of overview and scrutiny committees in Wales.

399. Attendance at overview and scrutiny committees in Wales.

400. Reference of matters to overview and scrutiny committees in Wales.

401. Arrangements for overview and scrutiny committees in Wales to take the views of the public into account.

402. Duty of Welsh local authority or executive to respond to overview and scrutiny committee.

403. Publication of reports or recommendations of overview and scrutiny committee in Wales and responses of local authority.

404. Joint overview and scrutiny committees in Wales.

405. Local authorities in Wales to appoint governance and audit committees.

406. Membership of governance and audit committee in Wales and termination of membership.

407. Proceedings and meetings etc of a governance and audit committee in Wales.

408. Appointment, functions and membership of democratic services committee in Wales.

409. Sub-committees of democratic services committees in Wales.

410. Reviews by democratic services committee at request of Welsh local authority.

411. Proceedings and meetings of democratic services committee in Wales.

412. Reports and recommendations by democratic services committees in Wales.

413. Powers under which executive arrangements in Wales may be varied; and forms of executive.

414. Provisions with respect to referendums held by local authorities in Wales.

415. Local authority referendum in Wales following petition.

416. Local authority referendum following direction by Welsh Ministers.

417. Local authority referendum following order by Welsh Ministers.

418. Action to be taken following local authority referendum in Wales.

419. Power to adopt a different form of local authority executive in Wales.

420. Proposals for adopting a different form of local authority executive in Wales.

421. Publicity for proposals to adopt a different form of local authority executive in Wales.

422. Implementing proposals to adopt a different form of local authority executive in Wales.

423. Action if referendum rejects change of local authority executive arrangements in Wales.

424. Power to vary the existing form of local authority executive in Wales.

425. Proposals for varying the existing form of local authority executive in Wales; contents and implementation of proposals.

426. Local authority constitutions in Wales.

427. Public participation in decision-making by principal councils

428. Welsh Ministers' power to make orders with regard to local authority executive arrangements.

429. Guidance issued by the Welsh Ministers for the purposes of Part II of the Local Government Act 2000.

430. Arrangements for the discharge of functions.

431. Appointment of committees and sub-committees to discharge functions.

432. Disqualification for membership of committees and joint committees.

433. Standing orders with regard to committees.

434. Voting rights of members of certain committees.

435. Duty to allocate seats to political groups.

436. Duty to give effect to allocations of seats to political groups.

437. Exceptions to and extensions of political balance requirements.

438. Discharge of local authority functions in England by a single member.

439. Discharge of local authority functions in Wales by a single member.

440. Discharge of non-executive functions by officers.

441. Joint arrangements for the discharge of non-executive functions.

442. Arrangements for functions in parishes.

443. Decentralisation schemes.

444. Safeguards for area committees in Wales.

445. Area committees in Wales.

446. Sub-committees of area committees in Wales.

447. Joint working arrangements and joint authorities in Wales.

448. Power to transfer local public functions to economic prosperity boards.

449. Transfer schemes in connection with transfers of local public functions to EPBs.

450. Secretary of State's duty to consider proposals for exercise of powers to transfer local public functions to EPBs and to make transfer schemes.

451. Delegation of functions by ministers to permitted authorities and transfer schemes in connection with such delegation.

452. Power to transfer etc public authority functions to certain local authorities in England under the Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016.

453. Relevant authority's duty to consider expression of interest by relevant body.

454. Consideration of expression of interest by relevant authority in England.

455. Power of relevant authority in England to modify an expression of interest.

456. Withdrawal of an expression of interest.

457. Decision by relevant authority in England in respect of an expression of interest.

458. Provision of advice and assistance by the Secretary of State in relation to expressions of interest etc.

459. List of assets of community value: in general.

460. Meaning of 'land of community value'.

461. Procedure for including land in list of assets of community value.

462. Procedure on community nominations.

463. Notice of inclusion in, or removal from, list of assets of community value.

464. Review of decision to include land in list of assets of community value.

465. List of land nominated by unsuccessful community nominations.

466. Publication and inspection of lists.

467. Moratorium on disposing of land included in list of assets of community value.

468. Informing owner of land included in list of assets of community value of request to be treated as bidder.

469. Compensation with regard to land included in list of assets of community value.

470. Enforcement of moratorium on disposing of land included in list of assets of community value.

471. Advice and assistance in relation to land of community value in England or Wales.

472. Reports about local devolution in England.

473. Health and social care in England: joint strategic needs assessments.

474. Health and Wellbeing Boards in England.

475. Local Healthwatch Organisations in England.

476. Power to set out model charter agreement.

477. Directions by the Welsh Ministers requiring the adoption of model charter agreements.

478. Companies controlled by local authorities and arm's length companies.

479. Companies subject to local authority influence.

480. Requirements for companies under control or subject to the influence of local authorities.

481. Companies under control of authorities acting jointly; authorities acting by committees.

482. Entities controlled etc by local authorities.

483. Functions to include power to enter into contracts.

484. Certified contracts to be intra vires.

485. Certification requirements for local authority contracts.

486. Provision of services by one Welsh principal council for another.

487. Judicial and audit reviews.

488. Relevant discharge terms relating to certified contracts.

489. Contracting out of functions of local authorities.

490. Local authority functions which may not be contracted out.

491. Contracting out functions of English best value authorities and Welsh improvement authorities.

492. Contracting out of functions in connection with certified contracts.

493. Effect of contracting out.

494. Termination of contracting out.

495. Application of the Procurement Act 2023 to local authorities.

496. Additional procurement requirements under the Public Services (Social Value) Act 2012.

5. Local Authority Officers

497. Duty to appoint officers.

498. Duty to adopt standing orders with respect to staff.

499. Appointment of chief officers in England.

500. Appointment of chief officers in Wales.

501. Head of paid service.

502. Chief finance officer.

503. Monitoring officer.

504. Head of democratic services for county council or county borough council in Wales.

505. Disciplinary action against principal officers in England.

506. Disciplinary action against principal officers in Wales.

507. Other local authority officers with particular functions.

508. Proper officers.

509. Political assistants.

510. Power to make provision in relation to political assistants.

511. Members disqualified for appointment.

512. Conditions of service: in general.

513. Political restriction of certain officers.

514. Disclosure of local authority officers' interests.

515. Prohibition on local authority officer accepting other fees or rewards.

516. Accountability and personal liability of local authority officers.

517. Code of conduct for local government employees in Wales.

518. Security to be taken in relation to local authority officers etc in England and Wales.

519. Indemnification of officers of certain local authorities in England and Wales.

520. Duty of local authorities to publish staffing information.

521. Pay policy statements.

522. Determinations relating to remuneration etc of chief officers.

523. Functions of Independent Remuneration Panel for Wales relating to remuneration of chief executives.

524. Power to make regulations for occupational pension schemes.

525. Transfer of undertakings.

526. Staff transfers and compensation for loss of office on reorganisation of local government.

527. Staff transfer matters when contracting out the provision of services.

528. Pension protection when contracting out the provision of services.

529. Powers with regard to redundancy payments and discretionary compensation.

530. Regulations to restrict public sector exit payments.

531. Power to relax restriction on public sector exit payments.

532. Regulations in connection with repayment of public sector exit payments.

533. Remuneration of deceased officers.

534. Power to continue payments to mentally disordered employees, pensioners or dependants.

6. Powers and Duties of Local Authorities

535. Local authorities as statutory bodies.

536. The doctrine of ultra vires applying to local authorities.

537. General subsidiary powers of local authorities.

538. English local authority's general power of competence.

539. Boundaries of the general power of competence of a local authority in England.

540. Limits on charging by local authority in England in exercise of the general power of competence.

541. Limits on doing things for commercial purpose in exercise of the general power of competence of local authorities in England.

542. Powers to make supplementary provision with regard to English local authorities' general power of competence.

543. Power to confer general power of competence on combined authorities.

544. Qualifying local authority's general power of competence in Wales.

545. Boundaries of the general power in Wales.

546. Limits on charging in exercise of the general power in Wales.

547. Limits on doing things for commercial purpose in exercise of the general power in Wales.

548. Powers to make supplementary provision with regard to general power in Wales.

549. General power of economic prosperity board or combined authority.

550. Boundaries of the general power of an economic prosperity board or combined authority.

551. Power to make supplemental provision with regard to the general power of economic prosperity boards and combined authorities.

552. General power of a combined county authority.

553. Power to make provision supplemental to the general power of a combined county authority.

554. General power of competence.

555. Proposals by local authorities contributing to promoting the sustainability of local communities in England.

556. Power to make regulations about sustainability proposals by local authorities in England.

557. Order specifying additional persons who may make sustainability proposals under the Sustainable Communities Act 2007.

558. Local spending reports for the purpose of assisting in promoting the sustainability of local communities in England.

559. Promotion of well-being by eligible parish councils and by the Greater Manchester combined authority.

560. Other powers and duties to promote well-being in England.

561. The sustainable development and well-being duty on local authorities and corporate joint committees in Wales.

562. The well-being duty on public services boards in Wales.

563. Assessments of local well-being by public services boards in Wales.

564. Local well-being plans prepared by public services boards in Wales.

565. Review of local well-being plans by public services boards in Wales.

566. Annual progress reports by public services boards in Wales.

567. Role of community councils in meeting local objectives included in local well-being plans.

567A. Designated high streets and town centres

567B. High-street uses and premises

567C. Vacancy condition and local benefit condition

567D. Initial notice

567E. Final notice

567F. Counter-notice

567G. Appeals

567H. Rental auctions

567I. Contracts for tenancy

567J. Terms of tenancy

567K. Power to grant tenancy in default

567L. Power to require provision of information

567M. Power to enter and survey land

568. Power of certain local authorities in England and Wales to hold local polls.

569. Local authorities as qualifying regulators; regulated persons and regulated groups.

570. Nomination of direct and co-ordinated primary authorities for the purposes of regulatory enforcement.

571. Membership of a regulated group.

572. Advice and guidance given by primary authority.

573. Primary authority's power to charge.

574. Meaning of 'enforcement action'.

575. Enforcement action by primary authority.

576. Enforcement action other than by primary authority.

577. Referral of proposed enforcement action to the Secretary of State.

578. Inspection plans.

579. Support of primary authority by other regulators.

580. Other regulators to act consistently with primary authority advice etc.

581. Primary authority enforcement action inconsistent with another authority's advice etc.

582. Concurrent duties to notify primary authorities of enforcement action.

583. Enforcement action notified to a primary authority inconsistent with another authority's advice etc.

584. Overlapping inspection plans in relation to an inspecting regulator.

585. Secretary of State's power to give guidance to regulators or co-ordinators.

586. Local authorities' strategic functions: in general.

587. Local authority strategies relating to crime and disorder etc.

588. Appropriate national authority's power to modify enactments relating to local authorities' plans or strategies.

589. Powers and duties of principal councils in England and Wales with respect to emergency or disaster.

590. Powers of local authorities to enter into contracts: in general.

591. Local authorities' contracts for goods and services.

592. Discharge of local authority functions by contractor.

593. Exclusion of non-commercial considerations from public supply or works contracts.

594. Regulated functions for the purposes of the exclusion of non-commercial considerations.

595. Non-commercial considerations as regards public supply or works contracts.

596. Duty of public authorities to give reasons for certain decisions regarding public supply or works contracts.

597. Relevant authorities' power to trade in function-related activities through a company.

598. Regulation of relevant authorities' trading powers.

599. Local authorities' charging powers: in general.

600. Appropriate national authority's power to allow charges by relevant authorities.

601. Relevant authority's power to charge for discretionary services.

602. Power to modify enactments in connection with charging or trading.

603. Acquisition by principal councils of land by agreement.

604. Compulsory acquisition of land by principal councils.

605. Compulsory acquisition by principal councils of rights over land.

606. Procedures and rules for compulsory acquisition, compensation and use of land by principal councils.

607. Appropriation of land by principal councils.

608. Principal council's power to dispose of land.

609. Acquisition by parish and community councils of land by agreement.

610. Compulsory acquisition of land on behalf of parish or community councils.

611. Appropriation of land by parish and community councils and parish meetings.

612. Disposal of land by parish and community councils: in general.

613. Community involvement in disposals by local authorities of playing fields in Wales.

614. Local authorities' power to develop land.

615. Local authorities' powers to make advances to third parties to acquire and develop land.

616. Acquisition and development of land for planning.

617. Acquisition and development of land for housing.

618. Reports on improving efficiency and sustainability of buildings owned by English local authorities.

619. Register of underused or unused land held by certain public bodies.

620. Disposal of underused or unused land held by certain public bodies.

621. Assessment of development land by local authorities.

622. Registration by English local authorities of individuals seeking land for self-build and custom housebuilding projects.

623. Consents to land transactions by local authorities and protection of purchasers.

624. Repayment of unclaimed compensation.

625. Payment of purchase or compensation money by one local authority to another.

626. Power to obtain particulars of persons interested in land.

627. Acquisition of Duchy of Lancaster land by local authorities.

628. Acceptance by local authorities of gifts of real and personal property.

629. Enforceability by local authorities of certain covenants relating to land.

630. Custody of documents of principal councils.

631. Custody of documents of English parishes and Welsh communities.

632. Documents on parliamentary or statutory deposit.

633. Inspection of certain local authority documents.

634. Photographic copies of local authority documents.

635. Acquisition and deposit of records by local authorities.

636. Research and collection of information by certain local authorities.

637. Certain local authorities' reports and returns to the appropriate national authority.

638. Local authorities' powers to promote use of records.

639. Transfer to local authorities of certain non-judicial functions regarding plans, records etc.

640. Information for the public about local authority services and functions.

641. Community council websites in Wales.

642. Local authorities' duty to publish information.

643. Restrictions on publicity by local authorities.

644. Codes of recommended practice as regards local authority publicity.

645. The Data Protection Act 2018 and local authorities.

646. Investigatory powers legislation and local authorities.

647. The Freedom of Information Act 2000 and local authorities.

648. Breach of confidence, the European Convention on Human Rights and local authorities.

649. Meaning of 'byelaw'.

650. Local authorities' powers to make byelaws: in general.

651. Validity of byelaws generally.

652. Byelaws must be intra vires.

653. Byelaws must not be repugnant to the general law.

654. Byelaws must be certain.

655. Byelaws must be reasonable.

656. Reasonableness of byelaws in restraint of trade.

657. Reservation of right to make exemptions from byelaws.

658. Construction of byelaws.

659. Enforcement of byelaws: in general.

660. Byelaws for good rule and government and the suppression of nuisances.

661. Procedure for making byelaws in England.

662. Confirmation of byelaws in England.

663. Alternative procedure for making certain byelaws in England.

664. Power to revoke byelaws.

665. Evidence of byelaws.

666. Fixed penalty notices for breach of certain byelaws in England.

667. Fines for offences against byelaws in England.

668. Byelaws for good rule and government and the suppression of nuisances.

669. Welsh byelaws not requiring confirmation.

670. Welsh byelaws requiring confirmation.

671. Formalities, commencement and publication of byelaws in Wales.

672. Guidance about the making of byelaws in Wales.

673. Revocation of byelaws by the legislating authority.

674. Revocation of byelaws by the Welsh Ministers.

675. Guidance about the enforcement of byelaws.

676. Evidence of byelaws in Wales.

677. Fixed penalty notices for breach of certain byelaws in Wales.

678. Fines for offences against byelaws in Wales.

679. English local authorities' promotion of or opposition to local or personal Bills.

680. Welsh local authorities' promotion of or opposition to private Bills.

681. Legal proceedings by and against local authorities.

682. Authentication of local authority documents.

683. Evidence of local authority resolutions, orders, reports or minutes.

684. Service of notices by local authorities.

685. Public notices given by local authorities.

686. Service of notices on local authorities.

687. Local authority functions in general.

688. Development and building control.

689. Dangerous excavations.

690. Dangerous trees and high hedges.

691. Restoration or continuation of supply of water, gas or electricity.

692. Recovery of establishment charges.

693. Environmental health and waste management; in general.

694. Provision of public toilets.

695. Consumer protection.

696. Home safety.

697. Health services.

698. Social care.

699. Children's services.

700. Education.

701. Housing.

702. Highways, traffic management and transport.

703. Emergency services and civil contingencies.

704. Prevention of crime and disorder.

705. Power to make public spaces protection orders.

706. Culture, sport and recreation.

707. Provision of entertainments.

708. Pleasure boats.

709. Visitors, conferences, trade fairs, etc.

710. Civic restaurants.

711. Museums, art galleries and libraries.

712. Licensing.

713. Coroners, burials and cremation.

714. Overseas assistance by local authorities.

715. Subscriptions to local government associations.

716. Transfer of securities.

717. Execution of works outside authority's area.

718. Use of spare capacity of computers.

719. Public clocks, seats etc.

720. War memorials.

721. Provision of garages by local authorities.

722. Survey of local authority boundaries.

723. Power to provide or arrange for mutual insurance.

724. Protection of buildings.

725. Power to deal with lost and uncollected property.

726. Relaxation of controls on the exercise of certain local authority functions.

727. Grants by certain local authorities to voluntary organisations.

728. Economic assessments by principal local authorities in England.

729. Involvement of local authority in England with religious events and events connected with a belief.

730. Support for victims of domestic abuse

731. Standards relating to the use of the Welsh language.

732. Health impact assessments by local authorities in Wales.

733. Welsh local authority's duty to prepare local strategy to improve arrangements for prevention of gender-based violence etc.

7. Local Authorities' Proceedings and Decisions

734. Local authority standing orders.

735. Decisions by vote at local authority meetings.

736. Vacancy or defect in election or qualification.

737. Minutes and record of names.

738. Power to include time for prayers and other observances.

739. Attendance at local authority meetings in Wales.

740. Electronic broadcasts of meetings of certain local authorities in Wales.

741. Welsh Ministers' power to give guidance about timing of local authority meetings.

742. Place of council meetings and procedure for calling council meetings.

743. Annual meetings of principal councils.

744. Other meetings of principal councils.

745. Chairmanship and conduct of business at meetings of principal councils.

746. Provision of places for public meetings, parish council meetings and parish meetings.

747. Place of council meeting and procedure for calling council meetings.

748. Annual meetings of parish councils.

749. Other meetings of parish councils.

750. Chairmanship and conduct of business at parish council meetings.

751. Convening parish meetings.

752. Public notice of parish meetings.

753. Chairmanship of parish meetings.

754. Voting at and polls consequent on parish meetings.

755. Regulation of proceedings at parish meetings.

756. Minutes of parish meetings.

757. Provision of places for community council meetings and community meetings.

758. Place of council meeting and procedure for calling council meetings.

759. Annual meetings of community councils.

760. Other meetings of community councils.

761. Chairmanship and conduct of business at community council meetings.

762. Convening community meetings.

763. Public notice of community meeting convened by community council chair or councillors.

764. Notice of community meeting convened by group of individual electors.

765. Chairmanship of community meetings.

766. Voting at and polls consequent on community meetings.

767. Regulation of proceedings at community meetings.

768. Minutes of community meetings.

769. Bodies and committees required to open meetings to the public.

770. Publicity for certain meetings.

771. Powers to exclude the public from certain meetings.

772. Publication and dissemination of reports on certain meetings.

773. Power to make regulations about access to local government meetings and documents in England.

774. Admission to meetings of principal councils and certain other bodies.

775. Reporting on meetings of principal councils and certain other bodies.

776. Access to agenda and reports.

777. Inspection and publication of minutes and other documents after meetings.

778. Inspection and publication of background papers.

779. Inspection of documents relating to meetings of principal councils: further provisions.

780. Additional rights of access to documents by members of principal councils.

781. Principal councils to publish additional information.

782. Exempt information.

783. Whether meetings of local authority executives in England and their committees to be held in public.

784. Reports of executive meetings.

785. Written records of prescribed decisions; and power to make regulations about written records and related matters.

786. Procedures prior to private meetings of the executive.

787. Procedures prior to public meetings of the executive.

788. Access to agenda and connected reports for public meetings of the executive.

789. Inspection of documents by, and supply of documents to, members of the public.

790. Additional rights of access to executive's documents for members of local authorities.

791. Additional rights of access to executive's documents for members of overview and scrutiny committees.

792. Protection of confidential information, exempt information and advice of a political adviser or assistant.

793. Whether meetings of local authority executives in Wales and their committees to be held in public.

794. Written records of prescribed decisions; and power to make regulations about written records and related matters.

795. Access to agenda and connected reports for public meetings of the executive.

796. Local authorities in Wales to publish additional information about executive meetings.

797. Additional rights of access to documents for members of local authorities.

798. Additional rights of access to documents for members of overview and scrutiny committees.

799. Meanings of 'executive decision' and 'key decision' and power to make regulations.

800. Publicity in connection with key decisions.

801. Key decisions in cases of special urgency.

802. Executive reports to the local authority on cases of special urgency.

803. Reports to the local authority where the key decision procedure is not followed.

804. Recording of executive decisions made at meetings in England.

805. Recording of executive decisions made by individual members or officers.

806. Inspection of documents, including background papers, following executive decisions.

807. Meaning of 'key decision' in relation to combined authorities and combined county authorities; publicity and exceptions.

808. Combined authority and combined county authority key decisions in cases of urgency.

809. Meaning of 'executive decision' and power to make regulations.

810. Recording of decisions taken at meetings of local authority executives in Wales and their committees.

811. Recording of executive decisions in Wales made by individuals.

812. Publication of documents, including background papers, following executive decisions in Wales.

813. Local authority decisions in England invoking health or safety: notification, reasons and review.

8. Local Authorities: Control and Accountability

814. Methods of securing the accountability of local government.

815. Methods of controlling local authorities.

816. Best value authorities.

817. The general duty of best value authorities.

818. Power to give directions where there is a failure to comply with best value requirements.

819. Power to facilitate compliance with best value requirements.

820. Power to make regulations relating to accounts.

821. Co-ordination of inspections of, and inquiries and investigations in relation to, best value authorities.

822. Guidance in respect of best value authorities.

823. Best value inspections.

824. Best value inspectors' powers and duties.

825. Best value inspectors' reports.

826. General duty of Welsh improvement authorities.

827. Improvement objectives.

828. Consultation and guidance about improvement.

829. Performance indicators and standards.

830. Powers to collaborate and delegate.

831. Collection of information relating to performance.

832. Use of performance information.

833. Improvement planning and publication of improvement information.

834. Improvement information and planning: audit.

835. Improvement assessments.

836. Audit and assessment reports in respect of Welsh improvement authorities.

837. Special inspections of Welsh improvement authorities.

838. Reports of special inspections.

839. Annual improvement reports.

840. Statement of practice by Auditor General for Wales with regard to improvement functions.

841. Sharing and use of information by relevant regulators for improvement purposes.

842. Inspectors' powers and duties in relation to Welsh improvement authorities.

843. Welsh Ministers' support for Welsh improvement authorities.

844. Welsh Ministers' powers of direction regarding Welsh improvement authorities.

845. Welsh Ministers' power to facilitate compliance with improvement duty and objectives.

846. Publication of information as to standards of performance.

847. Performance requirements and assessments.

848. Special inspections by the Auditor General for Wales.

849. Support and assistance with improving performance.

850. Appropriate national authority's objective and duties under Part 1 of the Regulatory Enforcement and Sanctions Act 2008.

851. Guidance to local authorities as to the exercise of their regulatory functions.

852. Advice to and guidance by the Welsh Ministers.

853. Appropriate national authority's power to specify local authority's enforcement priorities.

854. What amounts to 'maladministration'.

855. The Commission for Local Administration in England: in general.

856. Remuneration, staff and accommodation of Commission.

857. Commission's finances and estimates of expenditure.

858. Annual reports by local commissioners and by the Commission; triennial reviews by the Commission.

859. Arrangements for provision of administrative and other services.

860. Disclosure of information by local commissioner to Information Commissioner.

861. Local commissioner's power to investigate.

862. Matters subject to investigation by local commissioners.

863. Matters not subject to investigation by local commissioners.

864. Authorities in England whose actions are subject to investigation by local commissioners.

865. Who may make complaints of maladministration.

866. Procedure for making complaints of maladministration.

867. Referral of complaints to a local commissioner.

868. Matters coming to the attention of a local commissioner.

869. Procedure for investigations by a local commissioner.

870. Reports on investigations by the local commissioner.

871. Consideration of adverse local commissioner's reports.

872. Action following maladministration.

873. Law of defamation and disclosure of information by local commissioners etc.

874. Consultations between local commissioners and other commissioners and ombudsmen.

875. Collaborative working between the local commissioners and other commissioners etc.

876. Powers of Public Services Ombudsman for Wales to issue guidance.

877. Ombudsman's power to investigate.

878. Ombudsman's power to investigate on own initiative.

879. Alternative resolution of matters by Ombudsman.

880. Matters in Wales subject to investigation by Ombudsman.

881. Matters not relating to Wales excluded from investigation by Ombudsman.

882. Authorities in Wales whose actions are subject to investigation.

883. Who may make complaints to the Ombudsman.

884. Procedure for making complaints to the Ombudsman.

885. Ombudsman's decisions not to investigate or to discontinue investigation.

886. Procedure for investigations by the Ombudsman.

887. Reports on investigations by the Ombudsman.

888. Action following maladministration.

889. Law of defamation and disclosure of information by Ombudsman etc.

890. Consultation and co-operation with other ombudsmen.

891. Collaborative and joint working with other commissioners and the Auditor General for Wales.

892. Power to hold local inquiries.

893. Procedure and costs at local inquiries.

894. Judicial review of local authority decisions.

895. Local authority member's prior indications of view of matter are not to amount to predetermination.

896. Statutory appeals against local authority decisions.

897. Duty to act in a way which is compatible with Convention rights.

898. General principles regarding civil liability of local authorities.

899. Tortious liability of local authorities: in general.

900. Breach of statutory duty by local authorities.

901. Negligence by local authorities.

902. Misfeasance in public office.

903. Civil liability of members and officers: in general.

904. Criminal liability of local authorities, members and officers: in general.

905. Impact of EU law on exercise of local authority functions: in general.

906. Power to require public authorities to make payments in respect of certain EU financial sanctions.

907. Designation of public authority for the purposes of EU financial sanctions payments.

908. Establishment of independent panel for the purposes of EU financial sanctions payments.

909. Warning notices with regard to EU financial sanctions payments.

910. Matters to be determined before a final notice is given with regard to EU financial sanctions payments.

911. Final notices with regard to EU financial sanctions payments.

912. Power to require Welsh public authorities to make payments in respect of certain EU financial sanctions.

913. Establishment of independent Welsh panel for the purposes of certain EU financial sanctions payments.

914. Warning notices, independent Welsh panel reports and final notices for the purposes of certain EU financial sanctions payments.