United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)—snapshot

Produced in partnership with Nicola Canty of 9 Hazel Tree Chambers

Practice notes

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)—snapshot

Produced in partnership with Nicola Canty of 9 Hazel Tree Chambers

Practice notes

Title	United Nations Convention on the law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
Parties	168
Adopted	10 December 1982
Entry into Force	16 November 1994
Full text	United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
Subject [Catchwords]	International Law of the Sea

UNLCLOS I and UNCLOS III

The International Law commission (ILC) decided at its first meeting in 1949 to consider the codification and development of various aspects of the law of the sea. By 1956, the ILC had produced final draft articles with accompanying commentary that were circulated before the first Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS I), held over nine weeks in Geneva in 1958.

UNCLOS I produced the four Geneva Conventions on 29 April 1958:

•
Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone
•
Convention on the High Seas
•
Convention on the Continental Shelf
•
Convention on Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources of the High Seas

The

Nicola Canty

Barrister, 9 Hazel Tree Chambers

Nicola is an environmental lawyer specialising in marine, energy and public law. She has advised on judicial reviews, public inquiries and a wide range of regulatory and planning matters. She has broad experience of advising on issues relating to the marine environment, including licensing, planning, regulation and enforcement, and conservation matters.

Nicola was called to the Bar by the Inner Temple in 2006. She has a dual-capacity practice (i.e. operating as both an employed and a self-employed barrister), and has broad experience of working at both the self-employed Bar in Chambers and the employed Bar as a part of a law firm, at the national energy regulator Ofgem advising on renewable energy schemes, and is currently at the Department of Energy Security and Net Zero advising on nationally significant infrastructure planning.

Nicola provided the update for the titles on the Foreshore, and on Fisheries and Fishing, in the 2023 Reissue of Volume 16(1) of the Encyclopaedia of Forms and Precedents.

Jurisdiction(s):

United Kingdom

Key definition:

Law definition

What does Law mean?

means: (a) any legislation, regulation, by-law or subordinate legislation in force from time to time to which a party is subject and/or in any jurisdiction that the Services are provided to or in respect of; (b) the common law and laws of equity as applicable to the parties from time to time; (c) any binding court order, judgment or decree; (d) any applicable industry code, policy or standard; or (e) any applicable direction, policy, rule or order that is binding on a party and that is made or given by any regulatory body having jurisdiction over a party or any of that party’s assets, resources or business;

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