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Construction contracts by WhatsApp and invoices as payment applications (Jaevee v Fincham)

Published on: 30 April 2025

Table of contents

  • What are the practical implications of this case?
  • What was the background?
  • What did the court decide?
  • What did the court decide on the contract issue?
  • What did the court decide on the validity of the invoices?
  • Case details

Article summary

Construction analysis: In this Part 8 claim, the Technology and Construction C ourt (TCC) held that, while informal, the parties had entered a concluded contract by an exchange of WhatsApp messages. The essential terms had been agreed and other terms were not essential or would be implied. The court further held that three out of four invoices issued by the defendant were valid applications for payment, even where two of the invoices did not contain a mathematical breakdown of the sum due. In their context, the invoices were sufficiently clear and intended to be payment applications. Written by James Frampton, barrister at Keating Chambers, and Liam Hendry, senior associate at Archor LLP.

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