What’s the state of the UK justice system?

What’s the state of the UK justice system?

The rule of law in the UK faces significant pressure in 2025, with family court delays, weakened institutional oversight, and growing debate over legal frameworks. This blog summarises five major reports that offer insight and propose reforms.

What recent reports say about delays in UK family courts

One of the clearest signals of pressure on the rule of law in the UK is the growing difficulty accessing timely justice. A 2025 found that public law cases in family courts – where local authorities seek to protect children – are taking up to two years. This is nearly four times the statutory 26-week target.

The key reasons behind the delays include:

  • Cuts to legal aid

  • A rise in unrepresented litigants

  • Shortages of judges and social workers

The consequences are severe: children at risk, families without clear outcomes, and an overloaded justice system struggling to meet its legal obligations.

The campaign backs this up, highlighting public confusion about how to access justice and growing concern about fairness and transparency in legal processes.

Are ministers respecting the rule of law in 2025?

A has raised serious concerns about whether ministers are properly upholding their legal obligations. The report warns that government legal officers must prioritise legality over political expediency and serve as stewards of the rule of law.

The committee recommends:

  • Strengthening legal guidance at the ministerial level

  • Protecting the judiciary from unfair criticism

  • Clarifying the constitutional responsibilities of law officers

This aligns with a broader call for institutional accountability across government departments and a renewed emphasis on constitutional balance.

How is Parliament helping to uphold the rule of law?

In the , the Attorney General set out a roadmap for reinforcing the rule of law in the UK. His remarks highlighted Parliament’s responsibility to protect legal norms, not just rely on the courts.

Key proposals included:

  • Enhancing legal education in civic society

  • Reinforcing Parliament’s constitutional guardianship role

  • Rebuilding international leadership on rule of law standards

Read a full summary from the .

How are human rights laws and sovereignty being debated?

A 2024 report by argues that the UK’s current human rights framework, particularly the Human Rights Act 1998, has in some cases obstructed the will of Parliament. For example, legal challenges have complicated efforts to remove individuals under immigration enforcement.

The authors call for:

  • Clarifying the limits of judicial review

  • Reasserting parliamentary sovereignty in domestic law

  • Reforming how courts interpret human rights obligations

At the same time, an academic paper from the questions the assumption that parliamentary sovereignty and the rule of law are distinct and autonomous. It argues that treating them separately has led to inconsistencies in legal reasoning and interpretation.

What reforms could help strengthen the UK’s rule of law?

One of the most comprehensive reviews comes from JUSTICE. Its 2024 report, , outlines systemic pressures and offers a practical reform agenda.

JUSTICE’s key recommendations include:

  • Restoring early access to legal aid

  • Protecting judicial review from legislative restriction

  • Safeguarding checks and balances across institutions

  • Promoting legal literacy and public trust in the system

The report warns that without targeted reform, the UK risks normalising executive dominance and eroding key legal protections.

What should the UK do to protect the rule of law?

Across these reports, a shared message emerges: the UK’s commitment to the rule of law remains strong in principle, but it is under visible and growing pressure in practice.

The rule of law is more than legal process – it is the bedrock of democratic legitimacy and public confidence. In 2025, defending it is a shared responsibility.


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Dylan covers the latest trends impacting the practice of the law. Follow him for interviews with leading firms, tips to refine your talent strategy, or anything technology and innovation.